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Monday, July 29, 2024

Research & Development

 This is the research for my documentary project


The Attack on Wembley (2024)


1. What sub-genre of crime documentary would you categorize this as?
    - Sport


2. Who is the target audience?
    - Football enthusiasts, specifically English men.
    • Football is a sports played and has fans that consist of majorly men. I also did some of my own research and discovered that the Wembley Stadium is an iconic symbol of English football. Since these audiences (English football fans) are likely to value the Wembley Stadium, creating a crime documentary relating to it would grab their attention. They would be appealed to know more about what happened in there, how it happened, etc. 


3. What typical documentary conventions were used?
    - In this documentary, many conventions of a crime documentary was used. This included real life footages (E.g. radio footage, surveillance footage, etc.) of the event. It also used included interviews with people connected to the event, as well as police presence. An establishing shot was used to start the films, this is very common in crime documentaries as they use an establishing shot to introduce the setting.


4. Did this opening conform or subvert the conventions for this genre?
    - The opening of this documentary conformed to the conventions of a typical crime documentary. As mentioned on the previous question, it contains features frequently used on almost any other crime documentaries. One of them would be the use of an establishing shot to introduce the location of the crime that occured. However, they did subvert to a convention for crime documentary genres, which is to have a majority of the scenes shot during night time/when it's dark. They shot the scenes during day time where it's bright, I realize that this detail was done in order to emphasize that these crimes may happen in our lives, anywhere, and at any time. 


5. How does it create suspense using the following:
  • Camera
    • The random camera movements used during some scenes were to immerse the audience into the event, making them feel as if they are also experiencing it along with the people there, directly feeling suspense.
  • Sound
    • They used a very faint but unsettling sound which slowly got louder and louder. This draws attention from the audience, making them feel like something important is about to happen.
  • Mise-en-scene
    • The use of actual crime scenes/footage creates a sense of authenticity to the documentary, making the story more believable, which helps engage the audience more as they know they are looking at actual events rather than recreations. Moreover, these footages brings a sense of uneasiness and tension, which increases the suspense. 
  • Edit
    • The cuts used on the opening scenes got shorter and shorter, this helped in increasing the pace of the scene, making the audience feel that the events are escalating quickly, creating a sense of urgency. 

6. What parts of the opening did you find inspiring?
    - The establishing shot used to introduce the setting of the crime is a very common convention for crime       documentary openings, I find this feature very inspiring as it gives context and a sense of place to the          audience. 
    - I love how they slowly increased the volume for the sound, I really felt the tension and suspense when       they did that, I would definitely want to include this feature into my project.



Worst Roommate Ever (2022)




1. What sub-genre of crime documentary would you categorize this as?
    - Attempted Homicide


2. Who is the target audience?
    - Young adults with roomates
    - Females

3. What typical documentary conventions were used?
    - Real life footage (E.g. pictures of the victim and perpetrator, footage of the crime location)
    - Interviews with people connected to the event (the victim/survivor in this case)
    - Establishing shot to start the film
    - Suspenseful, unsettling music 


4. Did this opening conform or subvert the conventions for this genre?
    - They conformed to a majority of the conventions for the crime documentary genre. One of them                 would be the interview done with the victim/survivor, this is done in order to make the impact of the           crime more relatable and emotional to the audience.

5. How does it create suspense using the following:
  • Camera
    • A medium shot is used during the interview with what seems to be the victim's relative, this shot is used in order to focus on the person but also show some of the background. It also shows the person's body language and expressions, emphasizing her grief and emotions more. 
  • Sound
    • The use of unsettling music that gets louder over time (especially during times where important information is about to be revealed) helps create suspense as it can evoke a range of emotions (e.g. fear, suspense, etc.) and as the music gets louder, the more intense the audience feels these emotions.
  • Mise-en-scene
    • They filmed the interview with the victim in the neighbourhood where the crime occured. This makes it more relatable and immersive, which enhances suspense as the audience realize that that event actually happened in real life and in a familiar place (someone's own house/neighbourhood). 
  • Edit
    • They zoomed into the pictures of the perpetrator and people related to the crime, bringing the focus on the subject (in this case, the person). This isolates the person from other subjects, making them look more menacing/pitiful. Furthermore, it also builds anticipation for the audience as they try and guess the correlation of the person with the crime.
6. What parts of the opening did you find inspiring?
    - Pictures from the victim/perpetrator's daily lives (e.g. him holding a baby and smiling, him during military, him with his girlfriend, etc.) that is shown along with the overlapping audio of the interviewee explaining the crimes that has been committed emphasizes the point that these crimes can happen anywhere at any time, which I believe is very unsettling. I'd like to take inspiration from this as when I was watching that opening, I felt really uncomfortable and disturbed, which is very good as that is the meaning that they want to convey.


American Murder: The Family Next Door (2020)

1. What sub-genre of crime documentary would you categorize this as?
    - Domestic murder


2. Who is the target audience?
    - Women, specifically mothers
    - Married women
    - People who are paranoid about domestic violence/murder


3. What typical documentary conventions were used?
    - A typical documentary convention used was starting the opening with an audio of a person related to          the crime (in this case, the victim). In addition, documentaries often start with a cheerful and uplifted start that turns into an eerie/unsettling vibe. A police body-cam was also used in the opening.

4. Did this opening conform or subvert the conventions for this genre?
    - The opening conformed to multiple conventions for a crime documentary genre in which I have listed on the question above. However, it did subvert to some conventions, such as how crime documentaries are usually started with an establishing shot of the crime area. Instead of using an establishing shot, this documentary used a social media page of the victim (Shannan Watts).

5. How does it create suspense using the following:
  • Camera
    • Close up shots of the home and the neighbourhood was used in order to create a sense of familiarity but also eeriness. This suggests that something bad is about to happen or happened. Since family homes and neighbourhoods are often associated with innocence and calmness, as well as normality. The close up shot makes the audience feel uneasy as they try and guess the hidden clues, as well as what might've happened. This anticipation leads to suspense within the audience.
  • Sound
    • The opening first starts with a calm and peaceful music, which then develops into an eerie music that slowly gets louder and more intense. The peaceful music makes the audience feel comfortable and secure, further emphasizing on the normality of the scenes. As the music becomes eerie, it implies a disruption in the calmness and normality. This suggests to the audience that there is something wrong, creating a sense of uneasiness.
  • Mise-en-scene
    • Natural light was shown on the real-life footages, this shows the audience that crime can happen anywhere, at any time, making it more relatable to them. This relatability makes the event more personal, therefore creating a sense of vulnerability. This creates suspense as the audience feel unsettled about the fact that the event is happening at broad daylight. 
  • Edit
    • The use of slow zooms into the family photos or videos from Shannan Watts' social media posts isolates these images, making them feel more intense. By zooming in on these personal features, the editing builds anticipation, leading the audience to question how such a ‘perfect life’ could take such a turn. In addition, the editing pace starts slow but eventually starts speeding up, this builds tension and draws the audience deeper into the discovering the mystery. 
6. What parts of the opening did you find inspiring?
    - The use of the police body-cam was a great touch to the opening in my opinion. I felt as if i was the one walking around the house, and felt very anxious. I will discuss this with my team and hopefully we can implement this feature into our crime documentary later on.



I Am A Stalker (2022)

1. What sub-genre of crime documentary would you categorize this as?
    - Psychological crime documentary


2. Who is the target audience?
    - Psychology students
    - Victims of stalking
    - People who want to learn about stalkers and what signs to watch out for stalkers


3. What typical documentary conventions were used?
    - The typical crime documentary conventions used were direct interviews with people related to the crime/event (in this case, the victim and perpetrator), as well as a voice-over over the scenes that were shown. Shots were also used to introduce the setting of the film.

4. Did this opening conform or subvert the conventions for this genre?
    - The opening conformed to multiple conventions for a crime documentary genre in which I have listed on the question above, as well as the usage of a dark and eerie atmosphere. However, they did subvert to a few conventions. The 'I Am A Stalker' documentary shows the stalker/perpetrator's perspective on the occurrence, which can be considered controversial and unique as usual crime documentaries would only show the victim's side of the story. 

5. How does it create suspense using the following:
  • Camera
    • Close up shots were used for the interview with what seems to be the victim in order to bring the attention onto her facial expressions, emphasizing on the terror and uncomfortableness. This creates suspense by making the audience feel the intensity of her emotions, they feel as if they are also experiencing those emotions along with her, therefore creating a deeper emotional impact on the audience. 
  • Sound
    • During the interview with the perpetrator, there was very minimal background noises. This brings the focus onto the perpetrator's voice and the words he's saying, emphasizing on his lack of remorse for the actions he's done, making his explanation even more unsettling. The silence increases the suspense within the audience, making them really feel how cold and unapologetic the perpetrator is.
  • Mise-en-scene
    • The interview with the perpetrator was filmed in a prison cell environment, this emphasizes isolation. The audience feels uneasy due to this as they are reminded by the fact that the actions the perpetrator has done is severe enough to put him into prison. This makes the audience wonder what he has done, increasing suspense.
    • It was also filmed using cold and dim lighting, which expresses the perpetrator's coldness further, as well as bring the focus onto the perpetrator and his words only.
  • Edit
    • Quick cuts between the victim and perpetrator emphasizes on the contrast between their experiences and perspectives, this creates suspense as the audience keeps getting switched around between the victim's terror, and the perpetrator's detachment with the situation.
6. What parts of the opening did you find inspiring?
    - The interview done with the perpetrator really emphasizes the lack of remorse, I really like this unique feature! I'm going to put this in mind and discuss it with my teammates since we're doing a stalker and kidnapping documentary, I would like to give awareness to my audience about how most of the perpetrators lack remorse and don't regret their actions, even after going to jail.


Lover, Stalker, Killer (2024)


1. What sub-genre of crime documentary would you categorize this as?
    - Psychological crime documentary


2. Who is the target audience?
    - Psychology students
    - Victims of stalking
    - Victims of domestic violence
    - People who want to educate themselves about the dangers to look out for in stalkers and killers


3. What typical documentary conventions were used?
    - Direct interviews were used in this documentary, as well as voice-overs, event recreations, and shots of the location of the crime.

4. Did this opening conform or subvert the conventions for this genre?
    - This opening conformed the conventions for the crime documentary genre as it used voice-overs, dim lighting and eerie sounds for footages to create a sense of fear within the audience. However, they did subvert to a stereotype, similar to the I Am a Stalker documentary, they interviewed the perpetrator, emphasizing on the coldness of his heart.

5. How does it create suspense using the following:
  • Camera
    • They used close-ups during the interviews with both the victim and perpetrator to emphasize on the contrast between them which is terror vs detachment, following the binary opposites theory cultivated by Levi Strauss, which states that it is the practice of placing two ideas in opposing categories in order to study how they interact with each other. In addition, this feature focuses on the facial expressions of the victim and perpetrator, further intensifying the audience's empathy for the victim, and hatred for the perpetrator. 
  • Sound
    • Creepy, eerie music were used during key moments such as when stalking is depicted. This increases the anxiety within the audience, keeping them on edge. In addition, it makes the audience feel their emotions for intensely due to the music, which emphasizes on the mood of the scene more. 
    • This eerie music is often followed by silence, this contrast in sound creates suspense as audiences anticipate what's going to happen next.
  • Mise-en-scene
    • The perpetrator's interview took place in a cold, dimly-lit room, this emphasizes on their "dark" personality, correlating to their lack of morale and remorse. This makes the audience feel uncomfortable when watching the perpetrator who is dehumanized as audiences are made to see him as someone who is disconnected from humanity due to his lack of morale. This creates suspense as audiences start questioning how terrible the crimes someone so detached from humanity could be. 
  • Edit
    • The documentary used quick cuts between the perpetrator and victim, this emphasizes on the contrast between the two. This contrast connotes the loss of safety as the warm environment in the victim's scenes and cold lighting in the perpetrator's scenes constantly reminds the audience about the looming threat (the perpetrator). Moreover, the constant shift in lighting and mood creates a sense of anxiety within the audience as it keeps them on edge, building suspense throughout the documentary. 
6. What parts of the opening did you find inspiring?
    - This documentary was honestly really similar to the I Am a Stalker documentary, especially since they were both correlated to stalking. However, there was a scene in this documentary that I found really scary. The perpetrator is seen through the hotel door lens in the corridor as he inched closer and closer towards the door with quick cuts. I might want to use this for the documentary and will be discussing it with my teammates as that scene effectively created suspense. 


During class, our teacher mentioned clapperboards and a brief of what they're used for and how they are used. I decided to do my own research regarding it. Here is what I learned on my research.

Use of clapperboards
1. To sync audio and video --> When the clapperboard is closed, it makes a loud clap sound that will cause a spike in the audio when edited. This can be used to align the scenes with the audio so it becomes smooth.

2. To identify scenes easily --> The clapperboard is shot before the scene starts, this makes it the thumbnail of the video. Key informations such as the scene number, take number, etc. are written on the clapperboard to easily identify it, so that we don't have to rewatch the takes over and over again just to identify it. This will save much more time and effort.

3. Helps with communication --> The clapperboard provides a clear and concise information in it, this will prevent any misunderstandings and confusions.



Below is the documentary development made by Jasmine, however I still helped in deciding the final title, names, etc.

Documentary name development:


  • Where did Christopher go?

Notes: We were inspired by the documentary: What Jennifer did Since it was a very simple title yet evokes the curiosity of the audience. It seems to do so by using the Hermeneutic code by Barthes by raising a statement which could be questioned that the audience can’t answer unless they watch the documentary and see for themselves.

  • Two Weeks of Torment.

  • In Plain Sight.

  • Silent Street.

  • The Chase for the Unforeseen.

We ended up choosing the title: Where did Christopher go? as it is very straightforward and catchy. We really like how it hooks the audience into watching the documentary as again, it asks a question that the audience can’t answer unless they watch the documentary. Aside from that, the title itself is the question that most people would ask in the scenario that the documentary sets.


Character ideas:


Criminal

Victim

Police


Ultimately, we decided not to have a police interview on the opening because it would consume too much of the screen time for the opening. We also wanted to make sure that the focus is mainly drawn to just the criminal and the victim, so removing an extra character would help us achieve that better. Instead, we will just have interview audios playing in the background from parties that are affiliated with the victim so that it would be more of a background chatter instead of something the audience needs to focus on entirely.


Character name development:


Harper: 

Harper is a name that denotes “one that plays the harp”. The harp connotes and symbolizes harmony, angels as well as a representation of life and death. Since the main idea of the concept for our documentary is the unexpected being the criminal, this name would be a great contrast to the personality and actions of the character. On the outside, Harper seems to live up to her name being known as kind and friendly. However, she is hiding a sinister part of herself as she was willing and able to kidnap someone seemingly bigger and stronger than her, contrasting the loving and soft nature of an angel.


Christopher:

Christopher is a name that denotes “bearing Christ”. Typically, this name connotes strength and reliability. Our team wants to portray the victim as someone who seems strong on the outside. By choosing this name, this could be portrayed. This will raise the question of how he got kidnapped by the audience as he may seem more superior in strength than the criminal, Harper. This aims to show that even if someone seems strong, they still can fall prey to crimes such as in this case, kidnapping.


Character development - Jocelyn


We discussed the personalities of the characters together as it may help us decide what the characters would do and act like in the documentary. In some scenes of the documentary, we are also planning to record audio of other students talking about the characters so this will also help direct what the other students will say about Christopher or Harper.


Christopher: 

At school: quiet kid, prefers to spend time alone, awkward, introvert, doesn’t like participating in class and gets picked on for that, has friends but doesn’t really hang out with them 


At home: spends time in his room playing games, doesn’t leave his room unless it’s necessary, doesn’t really talk to his parents because they’re rarely home due to work, only comes out to go biking 


Outfit: Something more suspicious or comfortable looking like a hoodie.


Harper:

At school: very cheerful, participates a lot in class (sometimes too much), always volunteers to be the leader in groups, very likable, friendly, pretty, popular, clumsy


At home: Always online so if anyone were to text her she would respond, when parents get home she always greets them, goes out a lot, always says yes to hangouts, she enjoys being in her house a lot (doing chores, texting other students, etc.)


General:

  • Doesn’t open up to her friends, no one knows about her fully

  • Too nice that it’s concerning


In the background audio, they could say something like this:

  • “Harper has always been such a cheerful girl, she always makes people feel included! Everyone loved her.” 

  • “I don’t know, she was always a little too much for me, i never liked having her around but she’s nice i guess. Too nice, sometimes.”

  • “She’s always tripping on things and dropping things. I would have never expected her to do something so appalling, so well-planned, and thoroughly executed.”


Outfit: Something light-colored and soft looking.


Casting:


Harper:


  • Jasmine

  • Rachelle


Rachelle and I were the main candidates for Harper especially since we look quite similar to each other. To take this into our advantage, I will take over the role of “real life” Harper while she would act in the recreation scenes since the actual criminal and the recreation actor can’t be the same person. 


Christopher:


  • Thompson

  • Devasya

  • Jocelyn (Emergency)


Originally, we felt like our decision to choose Thompson for the role of Christopher was solidified, however due to him being unavailable in such a short notice even after recording some scenes with him already, we had to switch actors. Instead, our classmate Devasya accepted the role which was great since he is also quite tall which further solidifies the image of Christopher being stronger than Harper.


Shooting Locations:


We all decided to use Jocelyn’s house to shoot the project as it has a basement as well as it being in an area that is suitable (in a quite quiet neighborhood).


Ideas:


  • Interviewing each party involved inside an “interview room” (just inside Jocelyn’s room).

  • TV live interview scene which will happen somewhere outside of Jocelyn’s house or in the garage.

 
Reflection
Doing research about crime documentaries and their conventions as well as how certain technical elements can be used to make the audience engaged and feel anxious was fun. Additionally, this research really assisted me in developing the documentary, especially since i did extra research on two documentaries that were related to the theme of ours, stalking. I learned a lot of new things about crime documentaries and their conventions. I had also discussed with my teammates how including an interview with the perpetrator would create more suspense, and they agreed! However, I finished up the last research the night before the due date so the quality may not be as good as the others as it was already 2 A.M. when I was doing it. This served as a lesson to me to stop procrastinating and start doing my tasks whenever I can to prevent doing all nighters. In the next project, I will create schedules and to-do lists so that I can stay organized and stop procrastinating. 

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